Yesterday, the China Environmental Monitoring Centre issued yesterday to air pollution trends before APEC meeting and insights. According to forecasts, in addition to this two-day air quality is slightly better, but may occur before the 30th of this month in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei southern heavily polluting process, may be a serious local pollution. During the APEC meetings, Beijing and the surrounding 5 provinces to develop security programs and commitments to emissions reduction pollutants 30%-40%.


Weather conditions


North wind blows haze air of this high level


23rd, stuck into the fog again in Beijing, this was the third time this month to hit heavily polluting process. 17 the day before Beijing's heavy pollution emergency Department of Beijing's air pollution warning level is promoted from blue to yellow. Last night, the smog pollution in Beijing, staged "the final madness" municipal environmental protection monitoring center of the PM2.5 monitoring data showed that 21 yesterday, and capital concentration of PM2.5 hours multiple stations to more than 400 micrograms/cubic meter, front door stations even breaking the 500 µg/m³, record the concentration of the pollution peaks. As of yesterday, 22, concentration of PM2.5 monitoring stations are still high. Urgent North throughout the city for his defence.


Early this morning, and northerly winds due to cold air, pollution diffusion capacity of the capital will be significantly improved. Municipal environmental protection monitoring center is expected today and tomorrow in the city air quality up to high levels, but on the 28th, the diffusion conditions turn unfavourable, heavily polluting process started for the fourth time since October.


Last few days of this month, or heavily polluted


Introduction to China environment monitoring Center chief forecaster Ding Junnan, 28th, the warmer air in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, due to their weak winds, spread overall adverse conditions. In addition, water vapor has a greater effect of southwesterly, to accelerate the reaction of pollutants and particulate matter is expected during the 28th to 30th, in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei may occur with severe pollution in the South, may be a serious pollution in some areas.


"As for the contamination when the process will end, precipitation can reach also depends on the 31st. "Ding Junnan says too far because of the predicted time of 6 days, weather forecast uncertain credibility, precipitation in the 31st to uncertainty over the Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. She said that if precipitation from 31st to, the air quality is likely to change for the better, but if less than of precipitation, 31st air quality in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei will remain at low levels.


Two days before the opening of the APEC air condition


Upcoming APEC meetings held, according to expert analysis, from October 31 to November 3, the 31st with a larger uncertainty, other periods of pollutant diffusion, transmission, wet deposition condition on the whole favourable, therefore, preliminary October 31 is expected to be a transition from poor to good air quality situation, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei during the 1st to 3rd trends in air quality in most situations it might be better.


Ding Junnan introduced emission analysis, from October 25 to 30th, is expected to maintain a basic level of emissions of pollutants, no beneficial effect on pollution during less favourable situation; since then, APEC will begin to implement air quality safeguards, is expected to further improve air quality.


Expert construction


1. the warning is based on heavy pollution weather forecast. At present, the extent to which air quality forecast accuracy can be achieved?


Heavy pollution days could be two or three days in advance the exact prediction


Vice President of the Chinese research Academy of environmental sciences said Chai Fahe, at present, about the weather forecast, there are already very good means of science and technology and be able to better predict future climate change. But between the changes of weather and air quality, pollution effect not only by physical processes, but also by the chemical process of not only influenced by the weather, but also by the temporal and spatial distribution of pollution emissions.


Said Chai Fahe, China has just started heavily polluting process routine forecast, most using foreign models to forecast very accurately, further research is needed, as well as practical exercises, introduced from abroad also needs to model the chemical transformation mechanism based on the pollution situation in our country.


China environment monitoring Center chief forecaster Ding Junnan said, at present, on heavy pollution weather process trend prediction available one week in advance, for accurate forecasting of heavy pollution levels, and the starting and ending times, 2-3 days can be done in advance.


During the 2.APEC in Beijing and surrounding air quality assurance 5 provinces have taken some measures, these measures can achieve much?


6 province will work out measures committed to cut emissions by three or four


Said Chai Fahe, in order to ensure air quality during the APEC meeting, Beijing and the surrounding 5 provinces have enacted safeguards programme. Safeguards for Beijing as the Olympic qualification to make them through customs, stop, strengthening the pollution prevention and control, strengthening management, including PM2.5, PM10, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds emissions above the percentage needed to be 40%. Meanwhile, neighboring provinces where minimum 30% reduction commitments. According to preliminary estimates, through these measures, during the meeting, air quality has improved significantly.


Chai Fa collectively, weather-free normal this year due to steady state weather occur very frequently, lasts longer, so it should be very well prepared, to take all measures to implement, even if there is a minimum level of pollution, but also heavy pollution in accordance with the highest level of emergency measures to implement.


161 this month heavily polluted urban 155 days


Obviously some provinces and cities of crop straw burning on pollution


This month, the country has undergone 3 major regional haze pollution. Yesterday morning, the China environmental monitoring centre convene expert interpretation to meet the media, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas since this month, Central and Western regions and Northeast China to interpret the widespread haze pollution occurred. Experts said that according to the Ministry of environmental protection of satellite monitoring and pollutant source analysis, in the course of this pollution, and obvious effect of straw burning.


According to reports, from October 1 to October 24, happened 3 times in the national regional haze pollution of large range that 161 heavily polluted cities a total of 155 days and 31 days of severe pollution. First haze pollution occurred on October 7 to 11th, haze pollution occurred on October 17 for the second time on 20th and haze pollution occurred for the third time on October 22 to the 25th.


China environmental monitoring centre researcher Gong Zhengyu said October air polluting processes mainly for three reasons: one is the air pollutant emissions. Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and other cities, power plants, boilers and large amount of vehicles, in addition to pollutant emissions made possible cities run very large.


Second, the proliferation of disadvantaged. October 7 to 11th, North China stable weather conditions, low air pressure, humidity, wind speed, temperature inversion conditions, significant decrease in the mixed layer height in Beijing area. Pollutants are compressed in the surface layer, emissions under certain circumstances, unfavourable weather conditions could easily lead to the accumulation of pollutants in the air, sharp increases in the concentration of pollutants, air pollution. From 17th to 20th, the diffusion conditions is similar.


Third, the obvious effect of crop straw burning. Satellite remote sensing monitoring on October 5 10th straw burning more concentrated in some provinces and cities, and fire a total of 278. October 17 to 20th to monitor the fire points to 659. On October 23, were monitored to the point of burning fire to 106. In addition, experts say, through the analysis of pollutants, contaminants significantly increased levels of potassium in, also confirmed from another side effect of straw burning on pollution.


Four regional and local pollution contribution of overlay. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area cities and transport of pollutants from urban agglomeration in the Central and Western regions and municipalities coupled local pollutants, to further increase the pollutant concentration levels and increased levels of air pollution.